Improving Power Quality with Active Filtering and Energy Storage Technologies in Grid-Connected Hybrid Solar-Wind Renewable Energy Systems

Kadhim, Maysam

doi:10.26706/ijceae.7.2.20260317

Abstract

The inclusion of renewable energy resources in modern power systems has created serious problems in the area of power quality and grid stability. An efficient way to increase energy reliability and lessen reliance on traditional fossil fuel-based generation is through hybrid solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy systems. When these renewable energy sources are connected to power grids through power electronic interfaces, however, several power quality issues are created including voltage fluctuations, reactive power imbalance, frequency instability, and harmonic distortion. These disturbances adversely affect the performance, efficiency, and reliability of power networks and connected loads. This study presents a comprehensive mathematical model integrating a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), and Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) to improve power quality in grid-connected hybrid solar-wind energy systems. Photovoltaic generation, wind energy conversion, harmonic mitigation, voltage regulation, and energy storage dynamics are modeled and simulated within a unified simulation environment. The proposed compensation architecture is evaluated under severe operating conditions involving nonlinear load disturbances and rapid renewable generation fluctuations. Simulation results demonstrate significant improvements in power quality indices. The proposed system effectively regulates frequency variations during transient conditions, suppresses harmonic distortions, and maintains the voltage profile at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC). The integrated compensation strategy enhances the reliability of renewable energy-based power systems while ensuring compliance with international power quality standards.

Keywords

Hybrid Solar-Wind Energy System Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) Power Quality

References

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H. Akagi, E. H. Watanabe, and M. Aredes, Instantaneous Power Theory and Applications to Power Conditioning, 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, 2017.
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A. Yazdani and R. Iravani, Voltage-Sourced Converters in Power Systems. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley-IEEE Press, 2010.
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N. Hatziargyriou, Microgrids: Architectures and Control. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley-IEEE Press, 2014.
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B. Singh, K. Al-Haddad, and A. Chandra, “A review of active filters for power quality improvement,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 960–971, 1999.
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M. K. Mishra and A. Ghosh, “Advanced control strategies for distribution STATCOM applications,” Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 182, 2020.
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[1] IEEE Power and Energy Society, IEEE Recommended Practice and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electric Power Systems, IEEE Standard 519-2014, New York, NY, USA, 2014.

[2] H. Akagi, E. H. Watanabe, and M. Aredes, Instantaneous Power Theory and Applications to Power Conditioning, 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, 2017.

[3] F. Blaabjerg and K. Ma, “Future on power electronics for wind turbine systems,” IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 139–152, 2013.

[4] C. N. Bhende, S. Mishra, and S. P. Jain, “Integration of wind and solar energy systems for power quality improvement using STATCOM,” Renewable Energy, vol. 36, no. 11, pp. 3084–3091, 2011.

[5] A. Yazdani and R. Iravani, Voltage-Sourced Converters in Power Systems. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley-IEEE Press, 2010.

[6] J. M. Guerrero, P. C. Loh, T. Lee, and M. Chandorkar, “Advanced control architectures for intelligent microgrids,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 1254–1262, 2013.

[7] N. Hatziargyriou, Microgrids: Architectures and Control. Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley-IEEE Press, 2014.

[8] M. Liserre, T. Sauter, and J. Y. Hung, “Future energy systems: Integrating renewable energy sources into the smart power grid through industrial electronics,” IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 18–37, 2010.

[9] A. Ghosh and G. Ledwich, Power Quality Enhancement Using Custom Power Devices. Boston, MA, USA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002.

[10] B. Singh, K. Al-Haddad, and A. Chandra, “A review of active filters for power quality improvement,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 960–971, 1999.

[11] M. Aredes, J. Hafner, and K. Heumann, “Three-phase four-wire shunt active filter control strategies,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 311–318, 1997.

[12] A. Luo, Z. Shuai, W. Zhu, and Z. J. Shen, “Combined system for harmonic suppression and reactive power compensation,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 418–428, 2009.

[13] Y. Yang, K. Zhou, and F. Blaabjerg, “Current harmonics from grid-connected photovoltaic inverters,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 113, 2019.

[14] M. A. Hannan, M. Lipu, A. Hussain, and H. Mohamed, “A review of lithium-ion battery state of charge estimation and management system,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 78, pp. 834–854, 2017.

[15] A. A. Hussein and M. N. Kadir, “Power quality enhancement in grid-connected hybrid PV/wind systems using active power filtering techniques,” International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 142, 2022.

[16] M. K. Mishra and A. Ghosh, “Advanced control strategies for distribution STATCOM applications,” Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 182, 2020.

[17] International Energy Agency (IEA), Renewables 2024: Analysis and Forecast to 2030. Paris, France, 2024.

[18] International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Renewable Capacity Statistics 2025. Abu Dhabi, UAE, 2025.

[19] M. R. Islam, Y. Guo, and J. Zhu, Power Converters for Medium Voltage Networks. Singapore: Springer, 2021.

[20] F. Blaabjerg, Y. Yang, D. Yang, and X. Wang, “Distributed power-generation systems and protection,” Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 105, no. 7, pp. 1311–1331, 2017.